Which type of AI can perform specific tasks but does not possess general intelligence?

Narrow AI refers to artificial intelligence systems that are designed and trained to perform a specific task or a narrow range of tasks. These systems do not possess the ability to understand, learn, or apply knowledge outside their intended function. For instance, an AI developed for image recognition can accurately identify and classify images based on patterns it has learned from the training data, but it cannot perform other tasks unrelated to image processing, such as engaging in conversation or solving complex mathematical problems.

While it can produce impressive results within its niche, narrow AI lacks the broader cognitive capabilities that characterize general intelligence. General AI, in contrast, refers to a theoretical form of AI that would have the ability to understand, learn, and apply intelligence across a wide range of tasks similar to a human being. Superintelligent AI exists as a concept of AI that surpasses human intelligence in virtually all aspects, which is not attainable with current technology and understanding.

Weak AI, often used interchangeably with narrow AI, emphasizes the limitations of these systems in terms of intelligence and cognitive processing, making them essentially specialized tools rather than entities with general reasoning capabilities. In summary, narrow AI accurately captures the essence of AI that performs specific tasks without the scope of general intelligence.